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Supplements
by Amy Magnuson, MS, RD
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, states that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) cannot regulate dietary supplements unless it can marshal evidence that a product is unsafe. Dietary supplement manufacturers use testimonials, pamphlets, and other advertising media that are protected by the first amendment of the Constitution to sell their products. That means the product may not have substantial research that supports the claims the manufacturer is making. In fact, there are very few scientific data supporting advertised claims of increased muscle mass, strength or power for nutritional supplements.
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There is no substitute for good nutrition.
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Effects are usually trivial when compared to the much greater effects of sound training and sound nutrition.
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Sometimes side effects can outweigh positive effects.
Ephedra-Based Products (Metabolife, Xenadrine)
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Alkaloid substance that stimulates the central nervous system, caffeine increases this stimulation.
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Claims to boost metabolism, prevent loss of lean muscle tissue, suppress appetite, increase burning of stored fat, workout/energy enhancer. Read more on Ephedra from a pharmacist's perspective.
Safety concerns:
Since 1993 the FDA has compiled more than 800 reports of "adverse reactions" to ephedra-based products. These include: abnormal heartbeat, dizziness, weakened heart muscle, psychiatric episodes (psychosis, suicidal impulses, depression), loss of consciousness, strokes, high blood pressure, heart palpitations, seizures, heart attacks and deaths (3 dozen according to the FDA).
Echinacea
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Herb popular before advent of antibiotics
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Claims to have "anti-infectious properties"
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All-purpose remedy, has been used for colds, allergies & healing wounds.
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Most research from 1970's to support these claims.
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Has an insecticide property, questions exist about its safety.
Ginko-biloba
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Extract of tree
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Claims to enhance mental alertness
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Not proved to be safe or effective
Ginseng
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Plant-containing chemicals that have stimulant drug effects
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Increased amounts have contributed to hypertension, insomnia, nervousness, confusion & depression
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A small study showed that it may be useful in preventing sharp rises in blood glucose (Archives of Internal Medicine, 4-10-99)
For more information on this topic: |
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